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Cooking is ... also do poetry. It's open ears, eyes, mouth and nose to see what makes sense between spices and measures. It is this state of things and dig latent silence .... Juliana Venturelli
The food preservation emerged ringo biscotti with civilization. However, all the processes used by the end of the 18th century were developed purely empirically, without any knowledge or theoretical basis and typically using or simulating ringo biscotti existing processes in nature (drying, smoking, freezing), ringo biscotti this time, it was already known that fruits and some vegetables could be preserved in sugar and vinegar tolerate certain vegetables. However, all these procedures saved the food for a short time and with few guarantees.
It was only in the early 19th century, the French confectioner Nicolas Appert (1749-1841), after 15 years of experiments, developed a process that was not based on any known natural phenomenon.
Nobody knows what the theoretical knowledge that Appert had about food preservation, but it was to solve the practical issues of day-to-day of his confectionery he had the brilliant intuition that if you put the food in thick glass bottles (as those used for champagne) with some liquid, sealing them with cork and wax and boiling them in a water bath for a specified period, could an extension of the shelf life of these foods. Assumed that, as in wine, exposure to air spoiled food. Thus, if the food was placed in a container vedasse input air would cool and with good quality. It worked.
Putting into practice his findings on an industrial scale, in 1802, he settled on the outskirts of Paris in Massy, the first cannery in the world, employing around 50 staff. Commissioned ringo biscotti a glassblower bottles with necks and wider than usual and started its production.
Samples with food preserved by the method of Appert were sent to sea for more than four months. Meat and vegetables were among the 18 different items in glass containers, all retained their freshness and no substance has undergone substantial changes.
His method could increasing commercial success, having been used by Napoleon Bonaparte in his troops supply, making them more autonomous, and the merchant navy, for the long transatlantic travel. In 1809, the Minister of Internal Affairs of France, Count Mantalivet, provided a prize of 12,000 French francs for Appert became public their findings. ringo biscotti
And so, in 1810, the book "The Art Store All Animal and Vegetable Substances," in which he described in detail the process of canned food over 50 was published. The book had a print run of 6000 copies, ringo biscotti of which 200 were delivered to the Government for distribution among French municipalities who tried to disseminate information, three new editions are released later in 1811, 1813 and 1831. Very quickly, translations are published ringo biscotti in many foreign countries, ringo biscotti such as Germany, England, Belgium and the United States. Shortly after the publication of the Appert method, canneries arise both in France and abroad.
At the time, Appert believed that the preservation of food was due to lack of air inside ringo biscotti the bottle. This hypothesis was overthrown by Pasteur decades later, in 1864, to prove that the little creatures that had already been identified by Leeuwenhoek in 1675 were responsible for deterioration in food and human disease. The research showed that the Pasteur effect of temperature on food preservation was actually on the microorganisms, noting that a temperature of 62-63 C for a period of one and half hours was sufficient to eliminate the microorganisms ringo biscotti present in fruit juices. This process, named after pasteurization, caused considerable leverage as the French, the main French wine industry at the time, giving Pasteur a great prestige with the government of his country.
The preservation process created by him, in his honor, was christened apertização, encompassing every one method that depends on heat treatment to combat the deterioration of food. It is today the most widely used in canning. Canned
There are several versions about the beginning of canning preserves. Some say it was Appert himself who initiated ringo biscotti the use of tinned iron cans for packing canned. But the International Association Nicolas Appert ringo biscotti itself states that while in England now if they used metal packaging, is only since 1814 that Appert will devote to develop this type of packaging.
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